Cataract Surgery

Design concepts for advanced-technology intraocular lenses [Invited] An intraocular lens (IOL) replaces the natural crystalline lens during cataract surgery, and although the vast majority of implants have simple optics, "advanced technology" IOLs have multifocal and extended depth of focus (EDOF) properties. Optical concepts are evaluated here, with image contrast, focal range, and unwanted visual phenomena being the primary concerns. Visual phenomena with…

Study on Visual Quality After Cataract Surgery and Goniosynechialysis in Patients with Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma and Cataracts CONCLUSION: Pupil dilation is a major factor affecting postoperative visual quality in PACG patients, even after surgery. Larger pupil size significantly increases higher-order aberrations and reduces contrast sensitivity. Techniques like pupil suturing may help improve visual quality in these patients.

Prospective study on the role of preoperative mannitol in capsulorhexis and reducing intraoperative complications in primary angle-closure disease surgery CONCLUSION: Preoperative intravenous mannitol can reduce the risk of intraoperative complications and improve postoperative outcomes in patients with PACG. Factors including anterior chamber depth, incision location and method, and the zonule status significantly influence the capsulorhexis process.

Aqueous Angiography Guided Bent Ab Interno Needle Goniectomy in High versus Low Aqueous Humor Outflow Regions in POAG: A Pilot RCT CONCLUSION: Short-term results of BANG in low-flow AHO regions show enhanced success compared to those in high-flow AHO regions. This study suggests that trabecular cutting minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries (like BANG) may be performed in baseline low-flow AHO regions (temporal quadrant) instead of the high-flow AHO (nasal quadrant) regions.

Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery for a deaf patient: Communication strategies CONCLUSION AND IMPORTANCE: Creative communication methods can be effective for topical anesthetic LASIK surgery for deaf patients. Our report validates tactile communication as an alternative to general anesthesia for corneal refractive surgeries for this patient population.

Understanding cataract development in axial myopia: The contribution of oxidative stress and related pathways Myopia is an evolving global health challenge, with estimates suggesting that by 2050 it will affect half of the world's population, becoming the leading cause of irreversible vision loss. Moreover, myopia can lead to various complications, including the earlier onset of cataracts. Given the progressive aging of the population and the increase in life expectancy,…

Radius-Maumenee syndrome (idiopathic dilated episcleral vessels) CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: RMS is a diagnosis of exclusion, based on clinical findings and imaging exams. Treatment includes eyes drops and surgery in refractory cases.

Pregnancy-induced bilateral peripheral ulcerative keratitis No abstract

Relationship of Angle Kappa with Ocular Parameters using Swept-Source Ocular Coherence Tomography in Cataract Surgery Patients CONCLUSION: Female gender, reduced axial length and anterior chamber depth, and higher mean keratometry correlate to apparent chord mu (angle kappa) in cataract patients. These findings can help identify vulnerable patients who can have appropriate counseling on the prognosis of postoperative optical and visual outcomes.

A decade of intracapsular cataract extraction: Clinical profile and visual outcomes at Hospital Melaka, Malaysia CONCLUSION: The incidence of ICCE was low, accounting for only 0.66% of the 21,596 cataract surgeries performed at Hospital Melaka, Malaysia, during the study period. The primary indication was senile cataracts with weak zonular support. Most patients achieved favourable visual outcomes at 12 weeks postsurgery following IOL implantation, with the iris-claw IOL showing superior postoperative…

Surgical Parameters and Prognostic Factors in Persistent Fetal Vasculature: Insights from a Retrospective Cohort Study CONCLUSIONS: Corneal surgical approach and longer AL are associated with a lower RD risk in PFV cataract surgery. Early intervention and thorough preoperative assessment of the AL and ciliary processes are crucial for optimal outcomes.

Third-Generation Trabecular Micro-Bypass Implantation with Phacoemulsification for Glaucoma CONCLUSIONS: iStent infinite implantation with cataract surgery resulted in clinically and statistically significant IOP and medication reductions through 12 months postoperative, with favorable safety. This cohort constitutes one of the first and largest published datasets for this device in combination with cataract surgery in real-world usage.

Effect of size of capsulorhexis on the outcome of cataract surgery: a protocol for systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis INTRODUCTION: In the era of functional intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, it is crucial to investigate the influence of different capsulorhexis sizes (including the diameter of the capsulorhexis, area of the anterior capsule opening, anterior capsule coverage, centration and circularity of the capsulorhexis) on the postoperative outcomes (eg, visual acuity, capsule shrinkage, IOL stability and intraocular…

Increased SCUBE-1 levels in the aqueous humour of patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome CONCLUSION: SCUBE-1 is an important marker of ischaemia and oxidative stress. Increased SCUBE-1 levels in the aqueous humour of patients with PXS may indicate a local effect of SCUBE-1 in the pathogenesis of PXS.

Impact of central corneal astigmatism on postoperative visual outcomes in patients undergoing trifocal intraocular lens implantation CONCLUSIONS: In eyes with central corneal astigmatism above 0.75D, suboptimal postoperative visual outcomes may be obtained after trifocal IOL implantation.

Effect of Posterior Corneal Surgically Induced Astigmatism on Toric Intraocular Lens Power CalculationsCONCLUSION: This study demonstrated postoperative changes in posterior corneal astigmatism magnitude and the orientation of the steep meridian. However, accounting for posterior keratometric SIA in the Barrett Toric formula does not improve refractive astigmatism prediction accuracy.

Shallow groove technique in sextant pattern femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgeryFemtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) is a useful technology for anterior segment surgery that creates cleavage planes via photodisruption of ocular tissue. Compared to conventional cataract surgery, FLACS has been thought to potentially improve surgical precision, accuracy, and reproducibility. Its introduction into cataract surgery has enabled the development of new techniques and has been purported…

Outcome of a Mix-and-Match Approach with a Monofocal Aspherical and a Bifocal Extended Depth-of-Focus Intraocular Lens to Achieve Extended Monovision in Cataract PatientsCONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the combination of a monofocal IOL for distance vision and a rotationally asymmetric refractive bifocal EDOF IOL for intermediate and near distances, with the aim of achieving extended monovision. This approach demonstrated good visual acuity for all distances and a high patient satisfaction. It…

Visually significant ocular decompression retinopathy following laser peripheral iridotomy in a patient with primary acute angle-closure glaucomaCONCLUSIONS: We report on a patient who developed visually significant ODR following Nd:YAG LPI. Recognizing this condition and distinguishing it from similar conditions, including central retinal vein occlusion, is crucial to avoid unnecessary treatment. Ancillary imaging including fluorescein angiography and ocular coherence tomography is helpful in confirming the diagnosis.

Dry eye post-cataract surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysisCONCLUSION: Dry eye may persist up to three months postoperatively following cataract surgery. Further studies are required to determine if dry eye outcomes return to baseline at longer term follow-up.

Serious corneal melting and calcific band keratopathy associated with abuse of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and phosphate-containing eye drops after cataract surgeryNo abstract

Clarity unveiled: A journey through time in cataract surgeryThis historical research article offers a comprehensive examination of the evolution of cataract surgery from ancient practices to modern innovations. The historical trajectory of cataract treatment will be explored, beginning with ancient techniques such as couching in ancient civilisations and progressing through critical milestones in surgical advancement. The research delves into the challenges faced by…

ERK1/2 gene expression and hypomethylation of Alu and LINE1 elements in patients with type 2 diabetes with and without cataract: Impact of hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stressCONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress may alter ERK1/2 gene expression patterns and induce aberrant hypomethylation in Alu and LINE-1 sequences. These aberrant changes may play a contributing role in diabetic complications such as cataracts.

Demographic Profile and Clinical Characteristics of Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy in Thai Patients: A Retrospective Cohort in a Tertiary Referral CenterCONCLUSION: FECD in Thailand, as reflected by this large cohort, predominantly presents at an early stage, allowing for conservative management. The growing use of DMEK highlights the shift towards less invasive procedures, mirroring global trends in Southeast Asia. These findings emphasize the importance of advancing surgical techniques and improving eye banking practices in the region.

Is Thermal Pulsation Therapy Effective for Dry Eyes Before and After Cataract Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisCONCLUSION: TPT provides moderate and clinically meaningful improvements in MGYLS scores and TBUT for patients experiencing dry eye symptoms after cataract surgery, although improvements in OSDI scores and LLT did not achieve statistical significance. The variability in study quality and heterogeneity highlights the need for well-designed, high-quality research to confirm these findings and evaluate the…

Untargeted Metabolomic Study of Patients with Macular Edema Secondary to Retinal Vein Occlusion in Aqueous HumorCONCLUSION: This study successfully identified significant metabolic biomarkers that enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of RVO-ME. These findings may offer new avenues for the treatment of RVO-ME and aid in differentiating between CRVO-ME and BRVO-ME patients.

Complex cataract surgery in an eye with microcornea, pachyphakia, and acute angle closureNo abstract

Phase 3, Randomized, Comparison Study of Intracameral Bimatoprost Implant 10 µg and Selective Laser TrabeculoplastyCONCLUSIONS: The bimatoprost implant demonstrated statistical and clinical noninferiority to SLT in IOP reduction from baseline at weeks 4, 12, and 24. In subgroup analysis, patients with flexible implant readministration met the same criteria. Both the implant and SLT demonstrated sustained (2-year) IOP lowering in many eyes. A flexible administration schedule improved the safety profile…

Prevalence of visually significant cataract and cataract surgical coverage in Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians: a systematic review and meta-analysisCONCLUSIONS: Cataract causes vision loss in a substantial number of adults living in urban and rural Australia. Policies to improve diagnosis and surgery rates should be prioritised, particularly for Indigenous Australians who experience a disproportionate burden of advanced cataract and reduced access to surgery.

Cataract surgery has minimal effect on corneal shapeCONCLUSION: Cataract surgery has a slightly greater flattening than steepening effect on corneal shape. Although the effects are very small and variable with incomplete coupling, it is preferable to place the incision in the steep meridian. Greater emphasis, however, should be placed on eye-specific factors, such as biometry, or patient-related factors to optimise refractive outcomes.

Global regional and national burden of cataract attributable to high body mass index from 1990 to 2019CONCLUSION: The global YLDs for cataract due to high BMI have shown a notable increase from 1990 to 2019. Addressing BMI control may contribute to cataract prevention, highlighting a potential public health impact, particularly in low-SDI locations and among the elderly.

Recent Advances in Ophthalmic Interventions: Exploring Innovations in Myopia, Cataract Surgery, and Visual FunctionAs our understanding of ophthalmic optics and visual function advances, the intersection between clinical practice and technological innovation becomes increasingly significant in enhancing patient outcomes [...].

Cognitive Trajectory Before and After Cataract Surgery: A Population-Based ApproachCONCLUSION: Under typical United States practice, cataract surgery for older patients was not significantly associated with cognitive improvement or decline in the year after, compared with the year before, surgery.

Infectious keratitis following photorefractive keratectomy: a 13-year study at a tertiary centerCONCLUSION: This long-term study found a post-PRK keratitis rate of 0.018%, with gram-positive bacteria as the most common pathogens. Prompt management and regular follow-up assessments are essential for achieving satisfactory outcomes.

Posterior Capsular Opacification and Glistening in Hydrophobic Monofocal Biaspheric Intraocular Lens Two Years After Implantation: A Case Control StudyBackground: This study aims to analyze the prevalence and severity of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) and glistening in a new hydrophobic biaspheric monofocal intraocular lens (IOLs) 24 months after implantation. Methods: By means of a ambispective, observational, case-control design, a total of 297 eyes from 200 cataract surgery patients were included in the study (118…

BiomarkersCONCLUSION: p-tau181 is measurable in aqueous humor and plasma. Its presence in the aqueous is correlated with its presence in plasma, with increasing age, and is negatively correlated with MoCA scores. Further study in individuals with mild cognitive impairment or AD confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid and volumetric MRI metrics may yield further insight.

Combined Phacoemulsification, Goniosynechialysis and Ab Interno Trabeculectomy in Primary Angle-closure Glaucoma: Long-term ResultsObjective: This research was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ab-interno trabeculectomy (Trabectome and Kahook Dual Blade) combined with phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation, and goniosynechialysis in eyes with primary angle-closure glaucoma. Methods: A total of 47 patients were included in the study and all the patients received the combined surgery. Intraocular pressure, anti-glaucoma…

Transcorneal Vitrectomy in Eyes with Regressed RetinoblastomaCONCLUSIONS: This vitrectomy technique for eyes with regressed retinoblastoma permits top-down viewing with the Versa HD LenZ. Radial placement of corneal wounds avoids suturing through the uveal tract, and a postsurgical water rinse lyses any retinoblastoma cells. This approach may obviate the need for chemotherapeutics or cryotherapy.

Risk Estimation of Carcinogenic and Noncarcinogenic Diseases from Radiation for Medical X-ray WorkersThe objective of this paper is to construct a follow-up cohort of medical x-ray workers and analyze the risk estimates of radiation-induced carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic diseases induced by chronic low-dose ionizing radiation exposure in the follow-up cohort. A fixed cohort study was used. A total of 159 medical x-ray workers working in radiology departments of…

Dexamethasone Intravitreal Injection in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery: an updated literature reviewCONCLUSIONS: Dexamethasone intravitreal injections offer a valuable intervention for managing DME in diabetic patients undergoing cataract surgery, with optimal timing playing a crucial role in maximizing therapeutic benefits. Preoperative injections appear to be particularly beneficial in reducing the risk of postoperative inflammatory complications. Further research should focus on developing comprehensive guidelines for timing and dosage…

Treatment of pseudophakic aqueous misdirection syndromeTo describe the management and clinical course of 12 cases of pseudophakic aqueous misdirection syndrome (AMS). Twelve eyes of 12 Patients diagnosed with pseudophakic AMS between 2021 and 2022 were included. Best-corrected visual acuity, refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), anti-glaucomatous medication, spectral domain ocular coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and postoperative complications were evaluated. The mean time of…

Application of the Taylor Diagram in Evaluating the Performance of IOL FormulasCONCLUSIONS: The Taylor Diagram is a powerful tool for visualizing the performances of IOL formulas. Constant optimization is proved necessary. When the optimization is unavailable, cRMSE is a good approximation. [J Refract Surg. 2025;41(1):e50-e55.].

Visual and Safety Outcomes of Refractive Correction Procedures Following Lens Removal for Residual Refractive Error: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysisCONCLUSIONS: Significant improvements in spherical equivalent were consistently observed after treatment across the different procedures. Both UDVA and CDVA demonstrated notable enhancements, suggesting an overall efficacy in improving visual function. Although complications were reported, they were generally low in incidence and varied across procedure types. [J Refract Surg. 2025;41(1):e73-e87.].

Preoperative Retinal Detachment Variables Causing Macular DetachmentCONCLUSION: Previous cataract extraction, shorter axial length, and superior and temporal retinal breaks are important risk factors for macular detachment.

Visual Outcomes and IOL Stability After Panoptix Trifocal Intraocular Lens Implantation in Eyes With High MyopiaCONCLUSIONS: This trifocal IOL provides excellent visual acuity at far, intermediate, and near distance in high myopia eyes. The postoperative position of the IOL was relatively stable in eyes with highly myopic cataracts. [J Refract Surg. 2025;41(1):e56-e64.].

Comparison of Short-Term Clinical Outcomes After Implantation of Two Monofocal, Aspheric Intraocular LensesCONCLUSIONS: The visual acuity and defocus curves of the Lucia and Eyhance groups were comparable 1 month post-cataract surgery. The Lucia group's superior contrast sensitivity and lower postoperative internal spherical aberration were due to differences in IOL designs, particularly the power variation patterns.

Long-term observation of the in vivo safety of a new design of phakic refractive lensCONCLUSIONS: The new PRL exhibited robust long-term biocompatibility. The sinusoidal groove design facilitated the maintenance of IOP stability without necessitating iridectomy and effectively mitigated the onset and progression of cataracts.

Comparison of Phacoemulsification and Aspiration Parameters in Cataract Surgery: Metal Tip vs. Hybrid TipVarious tips are available for phacoemulsification in cataract surgery. Evidence-based data can inform ophthalmologists, especially inexperienced ones, on tip selection. We retrospectively evaluated the energy efficiency and other parameters of two ultrasonic phacoemulsification and aspiration tips across different nuclear hardness grades in 342 cataract patients (342 eyes) with nuclear hardness grades II to IV. Surgical…

Impact of patient characteristics and surgery-related risk factors on endophthalmitis after cataract surgery: a meta-analysisIntroduction Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide, with a notably high incidence rate. Endophthalmitis is the most severe complication following cataract surgery , often resulting in profound vision loss. This study evaluates the impact of risk factors such as age, sex, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, posterior capsule rupture (PCR), type of surgery, and…

Utility of Fundus Autofluorescence and Optical Coherence Tomography in Measuring Retinal Vascular Thickness, Macular Density, and Ophthalmic Manifestations in Women with Gestational Diabetes MellitusBackground: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a transient elevation of blood glucose during pregnancy. It is typically not associated with diabetic retinopathy. However, certain investigators revealed retinal microvascular injury. In this study, we aimed to assess the ophthalmic findings, optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters, and retinal vascular thickness and macular density through fundus autofluorescence (FAF).…

Investigating the impact of age and sex on cataract surgery complications and outcomesCataract surgery, a common procedure for vision restoration, exhibits variable outcomes based on patient demographics. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of age and sex on risk factors, intraoperative complications, and postoperative outcomes of cataract surgery. A single-center retrospective cohort study analyzed 691 eyes from 589 individuals who underwent surgery at a tertiary referral…

Effects of Alpha-Lytic Therapy Withdrawal on Choroidal Parameters in Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome High-Risk PatientsBackground/Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect on choroidal parameters of drug withdrawal in patients taking α1 adrenergic receptor antagonist (ARA) inhibitors. Methods: In total, 32 eyes of 32 patients under alpha-lytic therapy, and 32 eyes of 32 control subjects, both scheduled for cataract surgery in the fellow eye, were included.…

Aqueous Proteomic and Metabolomic Profiles in Low-Energy vs High-Energy Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract SurgeryCONCLUSIONS: FLACS induced higher immunological and inflammatory responses, oxidative stress reactions, and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidative stress compared with controls. These differential effects were more pronounced when a higher laser energy was used.

One-Year Outcomes of Trabeculotomy with 120°, 180°, or 360° Schlemm's Canal Incision for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Retrospective StudyBackground/Objectives: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), if caused by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), may require a trabeculotomy (LOT), in which the trabecular meshwork (TM) and Schlemm's canal (ISC) are incised. However, the association between the incision angle and outcomes remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the surgical outcomes of a trabeculotomy combined with cataract…

Potential guidelines for cataract surgery and rehabilitation in visually impaired patients: Literature analysisCataracts can reduce the quality of vision in visually impaired patients who already have a visual impairment. The most common causes of low vision include age-related macular degeneration (AMD), high myopia (HM), diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma (GL), and inherited degenerative ocular diseases. The surgery aims to improve their independence, quality of life, and ability to…

Meta-Analysis of MINIject vs. Two iStents as Standalone Treatment for Glaucoma with 24 Months of Follow-UpBackground: This study compares the long-term intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy of standalone MINIject (iSTAR Medical, Belgium) suprachoroidal implantation and two iStent (Glaukos, CA, USA) trabecular bypass implantation using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Systematic review of standalone implantation of MINIject or iStent inject with at least 24 months of follow up. The mean and…

Murphy's Law in cataract surgeries: A retrospective analysisCONCLUSIONS: This is the first study of its kind to examine the rates of adverse outcomes in unscheduled 'add-on' cataract surgeries, a commonly deployed method to maximize eye theatre time usage. Our data suggested no significant difference in complication rates between the add-on operations and local baseline. Thus, we demonstrated that the practice of same…

Visual and Refractive Outcomes After Bilateral Implantation of a New Toric Intraocular LensCONCLUSION: The Clareon Monofocal Toric IOL is effective in astigmatism correction and significantly improved uncorrected distance visual acuity. High spectacle independence for distance vision and high overall satisfaction were achieved.

Complication rates in cataract surgery before and during the COVID-19 pandemicNo abstract

Comparative Analysis of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Manual Small-Incision Cataract Surgery Versus Phacoemulsification for Brown CataractsObjective The objective of this study is to compare patient-reported outcome measures using the Catquest Questionnaire in patients undergoing phacoemulsification (Phaco) versus manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS). Materials and methods This descriptive cross-sectional study included patients aged 40 years and older with cataracts classified as nuclear sclerosis (NS) grade 3 or higher. Demographic details were…

Characteristics of older patients undergoing surgery in the UK: SNAP-3, a snapshot observational studyCONCLUSIONS: In the UK, one in five older patients undergoing surgery is living with frailty, and almost two-thirds of older patients are living with multimorbidity. These data highlight the importance of frailty screening. In addition, they can serve to guide resource allocation and provide comparative estimates for future research.

Practice patterns among ophthalmic surgeons in treating concomitant oculoplastic conditions in preoperative period: A questionnaire-based studyCONCLUSION: Approximately 50% of ophthalmologists handle prevalent oculoplastic issues themselves, seeking the expertise of an oculoplastic surgeon under particular conditions. Many ophthalmologists still favor using ROPLAS as a preliminary screening method before proceeding with cataract surgery. Eyelid conditions and thyroid eye disease are not as commonly addressed before subspecialty procedures compared to issues like nasolacrimal…

Prophylactic barrage laser in patients with previous vitreous loss during cataract surgery: a randomized clinical trialCONCLUSION: Prophylactic barrage laser might be a useful intervention in eyes with posterior capsule rupture and vitreous loss during cataract surgery to prevent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are indicated.

Visual Performance Correlation with Corneal Aberrometric Profile and Pupil Size After Implantation of a Trifocal Hydrophobic IOLCONCLUSION: This study shows that the FineVision HP IOL provides excellent refractive and visual outcomes at different distances. Pupil size does not correlate with UDVA and UNVA and quality of vision does not seem to correlate with the corneal aberrometric profile.

A comparative study of mini-monovision, crossed mini-monovision, and emmetropia with enhanced monofocal intraocular lensesWe compared the visual performance and subjective outcomes of mini-monovision, crossed mini-monovision, and bilateral emmetropia using enhanced monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs). This retrospective study involved 200 eyes of 100 patients who underwent surgery for bilateral age-related cataract using an enhanced monofocal IOL (TECNIS Eyhance). The dominant eye was identified before surgery. Based on patients' preferences,…

High patient acceptance of immediately sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) as part of a one-stop see-and-treat pathway within an innovative NHS cataract unitCONCLUSIONS: Our results illustrate a high patient acceptance rate (71.56%) of ISBCS within our population in contrast with published national rates. Offering ISBCS within a S&T model would allow patients to benefit from having both cataracts assessed and treated within a single hospital visit.

Nd:YAG Laser Application for the Treatment of Retained Lens Fragment in the Anterior Chamber Following Cataract SurgeryCataract surgery is the most frequently performed surgery worldwide. Although it is an effective surgical treatment option for improving patients' visual acuity, various complications can occur postoperatively. One such complication is the presence of retained lens material in the anterior chamber, which can lead to intraocular inflammation, increased intraocular pressure, corneal edema, and endothelial cell…

Comparison of Intraocular Lens Formulas in Patients With Postoperative Refractive SurpriseOBJECTIVE: This study investigates the refractive accuracy of eight intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas in patients with postoperative refractive surprise after phacoemulsification. It aims to determine if a different formula could result in better refractive outcomes in these eyes.

Non-contact lensless holographic reconstruction of diffractive intraocular lenses profilesA lensless compact arrangement based on digital in-line holography under Gabor's regime is proposed as a novel contactless method to assess the profile of multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs) which are conformed by several diffractive rings. Diffractive MIOLs are a widely adopted ophthalmologic option for the correction of presbyopia in patients undergoing cataract surgery. The MIOL…

Risk factors for photic phenomena in two different multifocal diffractive intraocular lensesPhotic phenomena are more pronounced in presbyopia-corrected than in monofocal intraocular lens (IOL), causing dissatisfaction after cataract surgery. Photic Phenomena Test (PPT) quantifies photic phenomena in eyes with two types of presbyopia-corrected IOL. We examined the relationship between preoperative eye shape and pupil diameter. We included patients with PanOptix IOLs (PanOptix group, n = 38;…

Cataracts extraction combined with multifocal intraocular lens optic implantation in Berger space in school-age children with cataractsObjective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of cataract extraction combined with multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) optic implantation in Berger space in school-age children with cataracts. Methods: It was a prospective study. The clinical data of school-age children with cataract who underwent cataract extraction combined with multifocal IOL implantation at Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong…

Safety and Efficacy of Phacoemulsification With Trabecular Microbypass Stent W Implantation in Primary Angle-Closure GlaucomaBackground Investigation of the safety and efficacy of phacoemulsification with trabecular microbypass Stent W implantation in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). Methods Between August and December of 2023, this prospective study evaluated PACG patients who underwent phacoemulsification with iStent inject W implantation. All patients were 18 years and older and were monitored for 6…

Iris Avulsion During Corneal Wound Hydration After Uneventful Cataract ExtractionWe report a case of spontaneous total iris avulsion that occurred during corneal wound hydration following an uneventful phacoemulsification procedure. An 86-year-old woman underwent cataract surgery on her right eye, during which a single-piece acrylic intraocular lens (Bausch and Lomb Akreos Adapt Advanced Optics, Bausch and Lomb Incorporated, Rochester, NY, USA) was implanted in the…

Inducing cylindrical and spherical defocus after implantation with new generation intraocular lenses improves intermediate and near visual acuityAn induced cylinder and spherical power after implantation with an extended depth of focus (EDOF) and enhanced monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) could improve distance, intermediate (60 cm) and near (40 cm) visual acuity (VA). In this prospective study, forty eyes with Eyhance EDOF IOL (Johnson and Johnson, USA) and 40 eyes with Vivity EDOF IOL…

Characteristics and factors associated with diameter deviation of rhexis reference circle generated by an image-guided system in cataract surgery: a cross-sectional studyMore attention should be paid to the deviations between the actual diameter of the rhexis reference circle which projected by the Image-guided systems and its intended size, and assess the influence of ocular biometric parameters on the deviation. In this study, the Callisto eye image-guided system was employed to generate a digital rhexis reference circle…

Bilateral primary vitreoretinal lymphoma masquerading as fungal endophthalmitis- a case reportCONCLUSION: Vitritis with sub-RPE yellowish deposits may be mistaken for infectious endophthalmitis specially in a patient with a history of intraocular surgery or immunosuppression. PVRL is a great masquerader and is to be kept in mind while diagnosing a middle-aged patient with infectious or non-infectious uveitis.

A new validated ophthalmic patient questionnaire for cataract and lens surgery : CLOQ: cataract and lens ophthalmic questionnaireCONCLUSION: Standard calculations were performed for model parameters, model tests, and reliability based on a partial credit model. The results confirm the suitability for evaluation of subjective patient satisfaction.

Comparison of ocular biometry and refractive outcomes using two swept-source optical coherence tomography-based biometersCONCLUSION: Although the differences are not clinically significant, the measurements of AL, CCT, and LT obtained with Anterion were greater compared to those measured with Argos, while the keratometry (K) and corneal diameter (CD) values were smaller. Consequently, this resulted in a minor difference in refractive predictability, with Anterion showing a slight tendency toward more…

Case Finding and Management of Childhood Cataracts: The Role of a Child Eye Health Programme in Kaduna State, NigeriaCONCLUSION: The programme has resulted in improved case detection of childhood leukocoria at primary eye care level. additionally, the eye health referral system in Kaduna State has been strengthened with increasing numbers of children accessing services: majority boys, older children, and unilateral cataracts.

Early Patching Behaviors that Improve the Chances of Good Visual Acuity in Children Treated for Unilateral Congenital CataractCONCLUSION: Consistent patching in the first year following surgery for unilateral congenital cataract is associated with better visual acuity. These findings can be used to provide evidence-based guidance to caregivers to help improve visual acuity outcomes for their children.

First Documented Successful Treatment of Chronic Postoperative Fungal Endophthalmitis Induced by <em>Trichosporon Inkin</em> with FluconazoleThis report details an uncommon occurrence of chronic endophthalmitis following cataract surgery attributed to an infection by Trichosporon inkin (T. inkin). The infection was identified through MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry along with sequencing analysis. Although the patient exhibited a robust immune response, the infection escalated quickly from the right eye to the left. Treatment involved vitrectomy…

Estimation of Average Intraocular Lens Power for Cataract Surgeries in Trincomalee District, Sri Lanka: A Single-Centre Retrospective Descriptive StudyIntroduction The Sri Lankan economic crisis that began in 2019 led to the suspension of cataract services in many districts. Although humanitarian missions were quick to supply materials, there was a lack of scientific evidence to predict the required intraocular lens power for patients with cataracts. This study aimed to assess the average lens power…

Prospective study on the role of preoperative mannitol in capsulorhexis and reducing intraoperative complications in primary angle-closure disease surgery CONCLUSION: Preoperative intravenous mannitol can reduce the risk of intraoperative complications and improve postoperative outcomes in patients with PACG. Factors including anterior chamber depth, incision location and method, and the zonule status significantly influence the capsulorhexis process.

Surgical Parameters and Prognostic Factors in Persistent Fetal Vasculature: Insights from a Retrospective Cohort Study CONCLUSIONS: Corneal surgical approach and longer AL are associated with a lower RD risk in PFV cataract surgery. Early intervention and thorough preoperative assessment of the AL and ciliary processes are crucial for optimal outcomes.

Third-Generation Trabecular Micro-Bypass Implantation with Phacoemulsification for Glaucoma CONCLUSIONS: iStent infinite implantation with cataract surgery resulted in clinically and statistically significant IOP and medication reductions through 12 months postoperative, with favorable safety. This cohort constitutes one of the first and largest published datasets for this device in combination with cataract surgery in real-world usage.

Aqueous Angiography Guided Bent Ab Interno Needle Goniectomy in High versus Low Aqueous Humor Outflow Regions in POAG: A Pilot RCT CONCLUSION: Short-term results of BANG in low-flow AHO regions show enhanced success compared to those in high-flow AHO regions. This study suggests that trabecular cutting minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries (like BANG) may be performed in baseline low-flow AHO regions (temporal quadrant) instead of the high-flow AHO (nasal quadrant) regions.

Effect of Posterior Corneal Surgically Induced Astigmatism on Toric Intraocular Lens Power CalculationsCONCLUSION: This study demonstrated postoperative changes in posterior corneal astigmatism magnitude and the orientation of the steep meridian. However, accounting for posterior keratometric SIA in the Barrett Toric formula does not improve refractive astigmatism prediction accuracy.

Cataract surgery has minimal effect on corneal shapeCONCLUSION: Cataract surgery has a slightly greater flattening than steepening effect on corneal shape. Although the effects are very small and variable with incomplete coupling, it is preferable to place the incision in the steep meridian. Greater emphasis, however, should be placed on eye-specific factors, such as biometry, or patient-related factors to optimise refractive outcomes.

Dexamethasone Intravitreal Injection in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery: an updated literature reviewCONCLUSIONS: Dexamethasone intravitreal injections offer a valuable intervention for managing DME in diabetic patients undergoing cataract surgery, with optimal timing playing a crucial role in maximizing therapeutic benefits. Preoperative injections appear to be particularly beneficial in reducing the risk of postoperative inflammatory complications. Further research should focus on developing comprehensive guidelines for timing and dosage…

Preoperative Retinal Detachment Variables Causing Macular DetachmentCONCLUSION: Previous cataract extraction, shorter axial length, and superior and temporal retinal breaks are important risk factors for macular detachment.

Combined Phacoemulsification, Goniosynechialysis and Ab Interno Trabeculectomy in Primary Angle-closure Glaucoma: Long-term ResultsObjective: This research was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ab-interno trabeculectomy (Trabectome and Kahook Dual Blade) combined with phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation, and goniosynechialysis in eyes with primary angle-closure glaucoma. Methods: A total of 47 patients were included in the study and all the patients received the combined surgery. Intraocular pressure, anti-glaucoma…

Application of the Taylor Diagram in Evaluating the Performance of IOL FormulasCONCLUSIONS: The Taylor Diagram is a powerful tool for visualizing the performances of IOL formulas. Constant optimization is proved necessary. When the optimization is unavailable, cRMSE is a good approximation. [J Refract Surg. 2025;41(1):e50-e55.].

Effects of Alpha-Lytic Therapy Withdrawal on Choroidal Parameters in Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome High-Risk PatientsBackground/Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect on choroidal parameters of drug withdrawal in patients taking α1 adrenergic receptor antagonist (ARA) inhibitors. Methods: In total, 32 eyes of 32 patients under alpha-lytic therapy, and 32 eyes of 32 control subjects, both scheduled for cataract surgery in the fellow eye, were included.…

One-Year Outcomes of Trabeculotomy with 120°, 180°, or 360° Schlemm's Canal Incision for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Retrospective StudyBackground/Objectives: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), if caused by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), may require a trabeculotomy (LOT), in which the trabecular meshwork (TM) and Schlemm's canal (ISC) are incised. However, the association between the incision angle and outcomes remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the surgical outcomes of a trabeculotomy combined with cataract…

Investigating the impact of age and sex on cataract surgery complications and outcomesCataract surgery, a common procedure for vision restoration, exhibits variable outcomes based on patient demographics. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of age and sex on risk factors, intraoperative complications, and postoperative outcomes of cataract surgery. A single-center retrospective cohort study analyzed 691 eyes from 589 individuals who underwent surgery at a tertiary referral…

Murphy's Law in cataract surgeries: A retrospective analysisCONCLUSIONS: This is the first study of its kind to examine the rates of adverse outcomes in unscheduled 'add-on' cataract surgeries, a commonly deployed method to maximize eye theatre time usage. Our data suggested no significant difference in complication rates between the add-on operations and local baseline. Thus, we demonstrated that the practice of same…

Comparative Analysis of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Manual Small-Incision Cataract Surgery Versus Phacoemulsification for Brown CataractsObjective The objective of this study is to compare patient-reported outcome measures using the Catquest Questionnaire in patients undergoing phacoemulsification (Phaco) versus manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS). Materials and methods This descriptive cross-sectional study included patients aged 40 years and older with cataracts classified as nuclear sclerosis (NS) grade 3 or higher. Demographic details were…

Practice patterns among ophthalmic surgeons in treating concomitant oculoplastic conditions in preoperative period: A questionnaire-based studyCONCLUSION: Approximately 50% of ophthalmologists handle prevalent oculoplastic issues themselves, seeking the expertise of an oculoplastic surgeon under particular conditions. Many ophthalmologists still favor using ROPLAS as a preliminary screening method before proceeding with cataract surgery. Eyelid conditions and thyroid eye disease are not as commonly addressed before subspecialty procedures compared to issues like nasolacrimal…

High patient acceptance of immediately sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) as part of a one-stop see-and-treat pathway within an innovative NHS cataract unitCONCLUSIONS: Our results illustrate a high patient acceptance rate (71.56%) of ISBCS within our population in contrast with published national rates. Offering ISBCS within a S&T model would allow patients to benefit from having both cataracts assessed and treated within a single hospital visit.

Cataracts extraction combined with multifocal intraocular lens optic implantation in Berger space in school-age children with cataractsObjective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of cataract extraction combined with multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) optic implantation in Berger space in school-age children with cataracts. Methods: It was a prospective study. The clinical data of school-age children with cataract who underwent cataract extraction combined with multifocal IOL implantation at Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong…

Risk factors for photic phenomena in two different multifocal diffractive intraocular lensesPhotic phenomena are more pronounced in presbyopia-corrected than in monofocal intraocular lens (IOL), causing dissatisfaction after cataract surgery. Photic Phenomena Test (PPT) quantifies photic phenomena in eyes with two types of presbyopia-corrected IOL. We examined the relationship between preoperative eye shape and pupil diameter. We included patients with PanOptix IOLs (PanOptix group, n = 38;…

Characteristics and factors associated with diameter deviation of rhexis reference circle generated by an image-guided system in cataract surgery: a cross-sectional studyMore attention should be paid to the deviations between the actual diameter of the rhexis reference circle which projected by the Image-guided systems and its intended size, and assess the influence of ocular biometric parameters on the deviation. In this study, the Callisto eye image-guided system was employed to generate a digital rhexis reference circle…

Subsequent intraocular lens surgery in eyes with combined versus sequential phaco-vitrectomyCONCLUSIONS: Combined phaco-vitrectomy was associated with a higher risk of IOL complications than sequential surgery. This information is useful for planning surgery in patients requiring both cataract and retinal surgeries.

Abandoned Cataract Surgeries: An Analysis of Surgical Referrals to a Tertiary Eye CenterCONCLUSION: A thorough preoperative assessment, early identification of intraoperative complications, timely referral by the primary surgeon, and appropriate and prompt intervention by the second surgeon are essential for improving visual outcomes.

Real-world use of integrated intraoperative OCT in pediatric cataractCONCLUSIONS: The study adds to the database of pediatric patients imaged using i2OCT in the real world. i2OCT complements the preoperative examination and aids intraoperative decision-making in cases of white cataracts with excellent real-time delineation of the vitreolental interface in children.

Assessment of bacterial isolates and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in external ocular infections among patients attending eye clinic at Kafrelsheikh University HospitalsCONCLUSION: This study indicated that ocular conditions such as dry eye syndrome, Meibomian gland dysfunction, and scaly blepharitis are strongly associated with the prevalence of culture-confirmed ocular infections. Regarding antibiotic susceptibility, most Staphylococcus species demonstrated the greatest sensitivity to linezolid and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.

Corneal endothelial cell loss with different techniques of nucleus delivery in Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery- Randomized Controlled TrialCONCLUSION: There was significant endothelial cell loss following MSICS. Nucleus delivery by viscoexpression and irrigating vectis had similar endothelial cell loss while it was greater with phacosandwich technique.

Comparison of accuracy and axial length acquisition success rate by three types of swept-source OCT-based biometersCONCLUSIONS: OCTB1 demonstrated the highest AL acquisition success rate and was able to measure AL even in eyes with dense or mature cataract. AS-OCTB using a wavelength of 1300 nm showed lower AL acquisition success rates compared to the other two devices probably due to reduced light transmission through the vitreous body.

Objective Changes in the Contralateral Eye after Unilateral Cataract SurgeryCONCLUSIONS: Anterior chamber structures changed and UDVA improved in the contralateral eye after unilateral cataract surgery in our cohort. Because fellow eyes were positively affected by monocular cataract surgery, it would be good information if planning for unilateral cataract surgery due to inevitable reasons.

Incidence of acute angle closure in patients with primary angle closure without prophylactic iridotomy during pharmacological mydriasis for cataract surgeryThe objective was to study the incidence of acute primary angle closure (acute PAC) during pharmacologic mydriasis before cataract surgery and changes in anterior chamber angle parameters in patients with primary angle closure diseases (PACD) with and without prophylaxis laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI). This was a prospective, comparative study of cataract patients with PACD with…

A brief effective screening protocol for identifying cataract patients with binocular vision anomaliesCONCLUSION: Distance and near phoria difference measured by cover test has similar effectiveness as a comprehensive binocular vision testing protocol for the diagnosis of binocular vision anomalies. Distance and near positive fusional vergence measured by step vergence testing also have significant predictive value. A combination of the two tests is an outstanding screening protocol for…

A Multicenter Study on Clinical Outcomes of Simultaneous Implantable Collamer Lens Removal and Phacoemulsification with Intraocular Lens Implantation in Eyes Developing CataractCONCLUSIONS: Our multicenter study showed that simultaneous ICL removal and phacoemulsification with IOL implantation is a safe, effective, and predictable procedure, with no significant complications, making it a feasible option for ICL-implanted eyes developing cataracts.

Treatment of pseudophakic aqueous misdirection syndromeTo describe the management and clinical course of 12 cases of pseudophakic aqueous misdirection syndrome (AMS). Twelve eyes of 12 Patients diagnosed with pseudophakic AMS between 2021 and 2022 were included. Best-corrected visual acuity, refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), anti-glaucomatous medication, spectral domain ocular coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and postoperative complications were evaluated. The mean time of…

Cystoid macular edema prophylaxis in cataract surgery: A protocol for network meta-analysisOBJECTIVE: Cataracts are the leading cause of global preventable and treatable blindness. Cystoid macular edema (CME) is among the most common complications following cataract surgery. The development of CME impacts patients' quality of life and has economic implications for patients and healthcare systems. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the evidence from randomized…

Increased risk of cystoid macular edema after cataract surgery in eyes previously vitrectomized for idiopathic epiretinal membraneCONCLUSIONS: In eyes undergoing phacoemulsification post-vitrectomy, the risk of CME is higher when vitrectomy was performed for ERM compared to RRD. The ERM-related intraretinal changes, together with the required surgical stress, may play a role in making these eyes more susceptible to CME.

Cystoid Macular Edema Related to Uncomplicated Cataract Surgery and Topical Prostaglandin Analogs: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled TrialsCONCLUSION: The results show no causal relationship between PCME in patients using PGA undergoing uneventful cataract surgery, suggesting they do not have to be suspended in patients without known risk factors of PCME.

Cataract in HIV Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisHIV-induced AIDS attacks the immune system, leading to opportunistic infections. This syndrome has been linked to an increased risk of developing uveitis and subsequent cataracts. Consequently, cataract surgery may be associated with intra- and postoperative complications in HIV/AIDS patients. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the impact of cataract surgery on individuals…

Safety and efficacy of the Yamane technique for intraocular three-piece lens implantation in Egyptian patients diagnosed with Marfan syndrome: a retrospective studyCONCLUSIONS: The Yamane technique has proven effective and safe for treating subluxated lenses in Egyptian patients with Marfan Syndrome, resulting in improved visual acuity with minimal complications, mostly minor and manageable. Comprehensive fundus examinations before and after surgery are essential for promptly identifying retinal breaks and reducing the risk of retinal detachment. IOL tilting and…

Outcomes of Cataract Surgery Complicated With Zonular Dialysis: A Multicenter Comparative StudyCONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of ZD was associated with worse postoperative vision, an increased rate of vitreous loss and PCR, and a higher risk of CME.

Efficacy and safety of the OZil phacoemulsification handpiece in dropped lens fragment surgery: a randomized controlled trialCONCLUSIONS: The OZil phacoemulsification handpiece significantly enhances surgical efficiency and safety in nucleus drop surgeries. Its integration into existing phacofragmatome systems can lead to major advancement in the ophthalmic surgical armamentarium, ensuring improved patient care.

Macular changes after cataract surgeryCONCLUSIONS: The study provides data from a Romanian pool of patients. The values correlated well with those from similar studies of SD-OCT examinations, but differences were still observed, as there were different devices for performing SD-OCTs.